world consumer rights dayWorld Consumer Rights Day) is celebrated under the auspices of the UN on March 15 each year to draw attention to the rights and needs of consumers.

This day was first celebrated in 1983 by the Consumers International initiative (international consumer), founded in 1960 and combining 200 establishments in 100 countries.

The date of March 15 was chosen for the following reasons: in 1962 today The 35th President of the United States, John Fitzgerald Kennedy, defined the concept of “consumer” in his speech to the US Congress and identified four inalienable rights: the right to security, the right to information, and the right to choose goods and services. competitive prices and the right to be heard.

UN in 1985 Additional Four more principles followed Kennedy’s speech, which was later called the Consumer Bill of Rights: basic needs, harms, consumer education, and the right to a healthy environment.

April 9, 1985 The UN General Assembly adopted the Principles on Consumer Protection. By adopting these principles consumer rights gained international recognition and legitimacy. They provide provisions to guide governments in policy-making and drafting legislation in the field of consumer protection. This has contributed to the development of international cooperation in this field. The principles were later expanded by the Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC). in resolution Revised by a resolution of 26 July 1999 by the UN General Assembly on 22 December 2015.

Access to essential goods and services and protection of vulnerable and disadvantaged consumers are recognized as new legitimate consumer needs in the updated principles. They included more than 90% advices International consumer organization.

In 1989, in the USSR, the Antimonopoly Committee, Gosstandart (now Rosstandart), sanitary and epidemiological supervision, consumer associations, credit unions, etc. With their help, many have been able to defend their interests in difficult situations that often arise on both sides of the bench and in the service sector.

The main defender of consumer rights in Russia is the Union of Consumers of the Russian Federation (SPRF), was founded in December 1990. Currently, the SPRF unites more than 100 republican, regional, city and district public associations – the majority of all consumer protection organizations actually operating in Russia.

Russia first celebrated World Consumer Rights Day in 1992, when the Russian Federation “Law on the Protection of Consumer Rights” was adopted, which legally established the consumer rights of citizens and the rights and obligations of organizations that trade or provide services. consumer protection system. This holiday was celebrated more widely in all regions in 1994, but it officially began in 1996, when Russia joined the International Consumer Organization.

Annual Consumer International determines the subject World Consumer Rights Day. In 2023, its theme is “Empowering consumers through the transition to clean energy”. With the worst cost of living crisis in a generation and the energy world responding strongly to supply problems and climate change, there must be a concerted effort to move towards clean energy.

According to this According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, demand-side changes could reduce greenhouse gas emissions by up to 70% by 2050.

Today, power plants based on renewable energy sources (RES) are among the most environmentally friendly and safe energy production technologies. The high share of solar and wind power plants in the energy balance has already become a reality in many countries of the world. The leaders are European countries. For example, solar and wind farms in Denmark to develop 63% of electricity is in Greece – 36%, in Portugal, Ireland and the Netherlands – 34%, in Germany and Spain – 33%.

According to IRENA (International Renewable Energy Agency) data, by the end of 2021, the total installed electricity capacity of RES in the world has reached 3,063.9 gigawatts, and its share in the total installed electricity capacity of the global energy system has increased more than 10 years in 10 years. 26.2% to 38.3%.

In 2021, China became the first country in the world to exceed one terawatt (TW) of installed renewable energy capacity. At the same time, China holds a leading position in almost every type of renewable energy technology. According to this indicator (56.6 gigawatts), Russia ranks 11th in the world mainly due to large hydroelectric power stations (about 91%) built in the USSR.

China, USA, India, Brazil and Germany are the top five growing markets, with approximately 72.5% of new RES capacities. According to this report In 2022-2027, RES will become the world’s largest source of electricity, their capacity will increase by 2,400 gigawatts (which is equivalent to the entire capacity of China’s electricity industry), the International Energy Agency says. The amount of electricity generated from wind and solar panels will more than double in five years, providing about 20% of global electricity production by 2027.

Russian Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin in 2021 declaration about the need to gradually abandon the current oil and gas scenario and the importance of developing alternative energy, calling low-carbon energy the “new reality”.

In the same year, following the conclusions of the strategic session “Russia’s Adaptation to the Global Energy Transition”, a joint approach to the planning and implementation of measures in this area, “one plan To achieve the national development goals of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2024 and the planned period until 2030. document Emissions of hazardous pollutants, which have the greatest negative impact on the environment and human health, are shown to be doubled due to the development of an environmental monitoring system, the introduction of the best available technologies and the reduction of air pollution. This includes the creation of support mechanisms for “green projects”, the transition to alternative fuels and energy-using vehicles, the transfer of energy and housing and communal services to environmentally friendly technologies and fuels. In particular, the circulation of electricity certificates of origin for WPP and low carbon generation facilities, the creation and development of the “green bond” mechanism, etc. It is planned to create a system for

Released in January 2023 draft scheme and program Development of Russia’s electric power systems for 2023-2028. The consumption estimate takes into account over 1,300 investment projects with a total electricity consumption of 85.8 billion kilowatt-hours. The electrical energy consumption forecast in Russia’s UES assumes that it will increase to 1233.1 billion kilowatt-hours by 2028. The total amount of investment for the implementation of project activities should amount to 2,778.38 billion rubles, including VAT.

The material has been prepared based on information from RIA Novosti and open sources.